Types of Solar Panels
Not all solar panels are created equal. The three main technologies differ in efficiency, cost, and appearance.
Monocrystalline (Mono)
Made from a single crystal of silicon, these are the most efficient residential panels available today.
- Efficiency: 19–24%
- Appearance: Uniform dark black
- Lifespan: 25–30+ years
- Best for: Limited roof space where you need maximum output per square meter
Monocrystalline panels dominate the residential market. Their higher efficiency means you need fewer panels to reach your target output.
Polycrystalline (Poly)
Made from multiple silicon crystals melted together, these are slightly less efficient but cheaper to manufacture.
- Efficiency: 15–20%
- Appearance: Blue-ish, speckled look
- Lifespan: 25–30 years
- Best for: Larger roofs where cost per watt matters more than space efficiency
Polycrystalline panels have been losing market share to monocrystalline as the price gap narrows.
Thin-Film
A thin layer of photovoltaic material deposited on glass or flexible substrate.
- Efficiency: 10–13%
- Appearance: Uniform, can be flexible
- Lifespan: 15–20 years
- Best for: Large commercial roofs, building-integrated applications, or curved surfaces
Thin-film is rarely used in residential installations due to low efficiency and shorter lifespan.
Which Should You Choose?
For most homeowners, monocrystalline is the clear winner. The price difference with polycrystalline has shrunk to under 10%, while the efficiency advantage means fewer panels, less weight, and a cleaner look on your roof.
The only exception: if you have a very large roof and a tight budget, polycrystalline can still make financial sense.
Use our calculator to see how many panels your roof needs regardless of type.